Performing a tune-up on a car involves a series of maintenance tasks aimed at optimizing the vehicle's performance, fuel efficiency, and reliability.
The frequency of tune-ups for cars has changed over the years due to advancements in automotive technology. Modern vehicles are designed to require fewer traditional tune-up services compared to older models. However, it's still important to perform regular maintenance to keep your car in optimal condition.

Instead of a one-size-fits-all approach, it's best to consult your vehicle's owner's manual for manufacturer-recommended maintenance schedules. The manual will provide specific guidelines based on the make, model, and year of your car. Generally, newer vehicles require tune-up services less frequently, typically ranging from 30,000 to 100,000 miles (48,000 to 160,000 kilometers) or every 2 to 5 years.

Here are some common tasks involved:

1. Replace spark plugs: Spark plugs ignite the fuel mixture in the engine's cylinders. Over time, they can wear out and affect engine performance. Replacing them at the recommended interval improves fuel efficiency and ensures smooth operation.

2. Replace ignition coils: Ignition coils generate the high voltage needed to create sparks in the spark plugs. If a coil fails, it can cause misfires or poor engine performance. Replacing faulty coils can restore proper ignition and engine operation.

3. Replace air filter: The air filter prevents dirt, dust, and debris from entering the engine. A dirty or clogged air filter restricts airflow, reducing fuel efficiency and engine power. Regularly replacing the air filter helps maintain optimal engine performance.

4. Replace fuel filter: The fuel filter prevents contaminants from reaching the fuel injectors or carburetor. Over time, the filter can become clogged, reducing fuel flow and potentially causing engine issues. Replacing the fuel filter at the recommended interval helps ensure proper fuel delivery.

5. Check and adjust timing and idle: Timing refers to the precise synchronization of the engine's valves and pistons. Proper timing and idle adjustment contribute to smoother running, improved power delivery, and fuel efficiency. Adjustments may require specialized tools and knowledge, so it's best to consult a professional if you're unsure.

6. Inspect and replace worn belts and hoses: Belts and hoses play crucial roles in the engine's operation, such as driving the alternator, power steering pump, and cooling system. Over time, they can deteriorate and become susceptible to cracks, leaks, or breakage. Regular inspection and replacement when necessary help prevent unexpected failures.

7. Perform oil and filter change: Regular oil changes are vital to keep the engine properly lubricated and prevent excessive wear. Changing the oil filter at the same time helps ensure clean oil circulation and optimal engine protection.

It's important to note that the specific tasks and their intervals can vary depending on the vehicle make, model, and manufacturer recommendations. Consulting your car's owner's manual or seeking professional advice can provide the most accurate information for your specific vehicle.